Fennel

Fennel 
Biological name:Foeniculom vulgare 
Family :Apiaceae.
Other name:बडीशेप (marathi), सौंफ (hindi).
Fennel  plant is a hardy,perennial herb with yellow flowers &feathery leaves.
In India mostly fennel seeds are used in cooking.fennel fruits are highly Aromatic and flavorful herb used in cooking.fennels is a group with inflated leaf bases which form a bulb like structure.It has mild anise like flavor but sweeter and more Aromatic.
Fennel fruits or seeds of the fennel plants are used in many of culinary traditions of the world . The small flowers of wild fennel (pollen) are most potent form of fennel but also most expensive .dried fennel fruits are an Aromatic,Anise flavored spice.fennel fruits are Brown &green in coloured It is one of the most important spice in kashmiri pandit &Gujarati cooking.Roasted fennel seeds are consumed as 'Mukhwas',after meal .It is digestive and breath freshener.In India fennel leaves are used as leafy green vegetables.
Chemical constituents of fennel seeds:
A 100 gm reference amount of fennel fruits provides 345 kilocalories of food energy.& it is a rich sorce of protein,dietary fibers,vitamin B and several dietary minerals especially calcium,iron,magnesium,manganese.
Fennel fruits are 52%carbohydrates,15% fat,16% protein &9% of water.
The Aromatic characters of fennel fruits derives from volatile oils importanting mixed Aromas including trans-Anethele & estragole,fenchone,limonene,1-octen-3-ol,other phytochemicals found in fennel fruits including polyphenols such as rosmarinic acid & luteolin.
Use of fennel seeds:
* fennel fruits has carminative property, carminative means A drug that relives flatulence.expelling gas from the stomach or intestines so as to relive flatulence or abdominal pain.
*fennel helps to regulating Blood pressure,According to Journal of food science found that chewing fennel fruits seeds helps increased the nitrite content in saliva which is natural way to regulating blood pressure level.
*Reduce water retention,Drinking fennel water regularly helps flush out excess fluids as it work as diuretics. Fennel seeds helps remove toxins from body.
*fennel seeds used for constipation,Indigestion & blooding.
*Fennel seeds reduce asthma symptoms.
*Fennel seeds are helpful for blood purification.
*According to Ayurveda, fennel seeds reduce all three Trodosha (vata,pita,kapha).The seeds having cooling effects on the body.To calm the nerves and promote mental clarity.
*fennel seeds are used as very good mouth freshener.
*fennel seeds are used in Spice.

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